SWAPON(2) | Linux Programmer's Manual | SWAPON(2) |
NAME
swapon, swapoff - start/stop swapping to file/deviceSYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h>DESCRIPTION
swapon() sets the swap area to the file or block device specified by path. swapoff() stops swapping to the file or block device specified by path.If the SWAP_FLAG_PREFER flag is specified in the swapon() swapflags argument, the new swap area will have a higher priority than default. The priority is encoded within swapflags as:
(prio << SWAP_FLAG_PRIO_SHIFT) & SWAP_FLAG_PRIO_MASK
If the SWAP_FLAG_DISCARD flag is specified in the swapon() swapflags argument, freed swap pages will be discarded before they are reused, if the swap device supports the discard or trim operation. (This may improve performance on some Solid State Devices, but often it does not.) See also NOTES.
These functions may be used only by a privileged process (one having the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability).
Priority
Each swap area has a priority, either high or low. The default priority is low. Within the low-priority areas, newer areas are even lower priority than older areas.All priorities set with swapflags are high-priority, higher than default. They may have any nonnegative value chosen by the caller. Higher numbers mean higher priority.
Swap pages are allocated from areas in priority order, highest priority first. For areas with different priorities, a higher-priority area is exhausted before using a lower-priority area. If two or more areas have the same priority, and it is the highest priority available, pages are allocated on a round-robin basis between them.
As of Linux 1.3.6, the kernel usually follows these rules, but there are exceptions.
RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.ERRORS
- EBUSY
- (for swapon()) The specified path is already being used as a swap area.
- EINVAL
- The file path exists, but refers neither to a regular file nor to a block device; or, for swapon(), the indicated path does not contain a valid swap signature or resides on an in-memory file system like tmpfs; or, for swapoff(), path is not currently a swap area.
- ENFILE
- The system limit on the total number of open files has been reached.
- ENOENT
- The file path does not exist.
- ENOMEM
- The system has insufficient memory to start swapping.
- EPERM
- The caller does not have the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability. Alternatively, the maximum number of swap files are already in use; see NOTES below.
CONFORMING TO
These functions are Linux-specific and should not be used in programs intended to be portable. The second swapflags argument was introduced in Linux 1.3.2.NOTES
The partition or path must be prepared with mkswap(8).SEE ALSO
mkswap(8), swapoff(8), swapon(8)COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.53 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.2010-11-15 | Linux |