RC.SUBR(8) | FreeBSD System Manager's Manual | RC.SUBR(8) |
NAME
rc.subr — functions used by system shell scriptsSYNOPSIS
- . /etc/rc.subr
- backup_file action file current backup
- checkyesno var
- check_pidfile pidfile procname [ interpreter]
- check_process procname [ interpreter]
- debug message
- err exitval message
- force_depend name
- info message
- load_kld [ -e regex][ -m module] file
- load_rc_config name
- load_rc_config_var name var
- mount_critical_filesystems type
- rc_usage command ...
- reverse_list item ...
- run_rc_command argument
- run_rc_script file argument
- wait_for_pids [ pid ...]
- warn message
DESCRIPTION
The rc.subr script contains commonly used shell script functions and variable definitions which are used by various scripts such as rc(8). Scripts required by ports in /usr/local/etc/rc.d will also eventually be rewritten to make use of it.The rc.subr functions were mostly imported from NetBSD.
They are accessed by sourcing /etc/rc.subr into the current shell.
The following shell functions are available:
- backup_file action file current backup
-
Make a backup copy of
file into
current. If the
rc.conf(5) variable
backup_uses_rcs is “
YES
”, use rcs(1) to archive the previous version of current, otherwise save the previous version of current as backup.The action argument may be one of the following:
- add
- file is now being backed up by or possibly re-entered into this backup mechanism. current is created, and if necessary, the rcs(1) files are created as well.
- update
- file has changed and needs to be backed up. If current exists, it is copied to backup or checked into rcs(1) (if the repository file is old), and then file is copied to current.
- remove
- file is no longer being tracked by this backup mechanism. If rcs(1) is being used, an empty file is checked in and current is removed, otherwise current is moved to backup.
- checkyesno var
-
Return 0 if
var is defined to “
YES
”, “TRUE
”, “ON
”, or ‘1
’. Return 1 if var is defined to “NO
”, “FALSE
”, “OFF
”, or ‘0
’. Otherwise, warn that var is not set correctly. The values are case insensitive. Note: var should be a variable name, not its value; checkyesno will expand the variable by itself. - check_pidfile pidfile procname [ interpreter]
-
Parses the first word of the first line of
pidfile for a PID, and ensures that the process with that PID is running and its first argument matches
procname. Prints the matching PID if successful, otherwise nothing. If
interpreter is provided, parse the first line of
procname, ensure that the line is of the form:
#! interpreter [...]
and use interpreter with its optional arguments and procname appended as the process string to search for.
- check_process procname [ interpreter]
- Prints the PIDs of any processes that are running with a first argument that matches procname. interpreter is handled as per check_pidfile.
- debug message
-
Display a debugging message to
stderr, log it to the system log using
logger(1), and return to the caller. The error message consists of the script name (from
$0), followed by “
: DEBUG:
”, and then message. This function is intended to be used by developers as an aid to debugging scripts. It can be turned on or off by the rc.conf(5) variable rc_debug. - err exitval message
-
Display an error message to
stderr, log it to the system log using
logger(1), and
exit with an exit value of
exitval. The error message consists of the script name (from
$0), followed by “
: ERROR:
”, and then message. - force_depend name
- Output an advisory message and force the name service to start. The name argument is the basename(1) component of the path to the script, usually /etc/rc.d/name. If the script fails for any reason it will output a warning and return with a return value of 1. If it was successful it will return 0.
- info message
-
Display an informational message to
stdout, and log it to the system log using
logger(1). The message consists of the script name (from
$0), followed by “
: INFO:
”, and then message. The display of this informational output can be turned on or off by the rc.conf(5) variable rc_info. - load_kld [ -e regex][ -m module] file
- Load file as a kernel module unless it is already loaded. For the purpose of checking the module status, either the exact module name can be specified using -m, or an egrep(1) regular expression matching the module name can be supplied via -e. By default, the module is assumed to have the same name as file, which is not always the case.
- load_rc_config name
- Source in the configuration files for name. First, /etc/rc.conf is sourced if it has not yet been read in. Then, /etc/rc.conf.d/ name is sourced if it is an existing file. The latter may also contain other variable assignments to override run_rc_command arguments defined by the calling script, to provide an easy mechanism for an administrator to override the behaviour of a given rc.d(8) script without requiring the editing of that script.
- load_rc_config_var name var
- Read the rc.conf(5) variable var for name and set in the current shell, using load_rc_config in a sub-shell to prevent unwanted side effects from other variable assignments.
- mount_critical_filesystems type
- Go through a list of critical file systems, as found in the rc.conf(5) variable critical_filesystems_ type, mounting each one that is not currently mounted.
- rc_usage command ...
-
Print a usage message for
$0, with
commands being the list of valid arguments prefixed by “[
fast
|force
|one
|quiet
]”. - reverse_list item ...
- Print the list of items in reverse order.
- run_rc_command argument
-
Run the
argument method for the current
rc.d(8) script, based on the settings of various shell variables.
run_rc_command is extremely flexible, and allows fully functional
rc.d(8) scripts to be implemented in a small amount of shell code.
argument is searched for in the list of supported commands, which may be one of:
- start
- Start the service. This should check that the service is to be started as specified by rc.conf(5). Also checks if the service is already running and refuses to start if it is. This latter check is not performed by standard FreeBSD scripts if the system is starting directly to multi-user mode, to speed up the boot process.
- stop
- If the service is to be started as specified by rc.conf(5), stop the service. This should check that the service is running and complain if it is not.
- restart
- Perform a stop then a start. Defaults to displaying the process ID of the program (if running).
- enabled
- Return 0 if the service is enabled and 1 if it is not. This command does not print anything.
- rcvar
- Display which rc.conf(5) variables are used to control the startup of the service (if any).
If pidfile or procname is set, also support:
- poll
- Wait for the command to exit.
- status
- Show the status of the process.
Other supported commands are listed in the optional variable extra_commands.
argument may have one of the following prefixes which alters its operation:
-
fast
-
Skip the check for an existing running process, and sets
rc_fast=
YES
. -
force
-
Skip the checks for
rcvar being set to “
YES
”, and sets rc_force=YES
. This ignores argument _precmd returning non-zero, and ignores any of the required_* tests failing, and always returns a zero exit status. -
one
-
Skip the checks for
rcvar being set to “
YES
”, but performs all the other prerequisite tests. -
quiet
-
Inhibits some verbose diagnostics. Currently, this includes messages “Starting ${name}” (as checked by
check_startmsgs inside
rc.subr) and errors about usage of services that are not enabled in
rc.conf(5). This prefix also sets
rc_quiet=
YES
. Please, note: rc_quiet is not intended to completely mask all debug and warning messages, but only certain small classes of them.
run_rc_command uses the following shell variables to control its behaviour. Unless otherwise stated, these are optional.
- name
- The name of this script. This is not optional.
- rcvar
- The value of rcvar is checked with checkyesno to determine if this method should be run.
- command
- Full path to the command. Not required if argument _cmd is defined for each supported keyword. Can be overridden by ${name}_program.
- command_args
- Optional arguments and/or shell directives for command.
- command_interpreter
-
command is started with:
#! command_interpreter [...]
which results in its ps(1) command being:
command_interpreter [...] command
so use that string to find the PID(s) of the running command rather than command.
- extra_commands
- Extra commands/keywords/arguments supported.
- pidfile
-
Path to PID file. Used to determine the PID(s) of the running command. If
pidfile is set, use:
check_pidfile $pidfile $procname
to find the PID. Otherwise, if command is set, use:
check_process $procname
to find the PID.
- procname
- Process name to check for. Defaults to the value of command.
- required_dirs
- Check for the existence of the listed directories before running the start method.
- required_files
- Check for the readability of the listed files before running the start method.
- required_modules
-
Ensure that the listed kernel modules are loaded before running the
start method. This is done after invoking the commands from
start_precmd so that the missing modules are not loaded in vain if the preliminary commands indicate a error condition. A word in the list can have an optional “
: modname” or “
~
pattern” suffix. The modname or pattern parameter is passed to load_kld through a -m or -e option, respectively. See the description of load_kld in this document for details. - required_vars
- Perform checkyesno on each of the list variables before running the start method.
- ${name}_chdir
- Directory to cd to before running command, if ${name}_chroot is not provided.
- ${name}_chroot
- Directory to chroot(8) to before running command. Only supported after /usr is mounted.
- ${name}_flags
- Arguments to call command with. This is usually set in rc.conf(5), and not in the rc.d(8) script. The environment variable ‘ flags’ can be used to override this.
- ${name}_nice
- nice(1) level to run command as. Only supported after /usr is mounted.
- ${name}_program
- Full path to the command. Overrides command if both are set, but has no effect if command is unset. As a rule, command should be set in the script while ${name}_program should be set in rc.conf(5).
- ${name}_user
- User to run command as, using chroot(8) if ${name}_chroot is set, otherwise uses su(1). Only supported after /usr is mounted.
- ${name}_group
- Group to run the chrooted command as.
- ${name}_groups
- Comma separated list of supplementary groups to run the chrooted command with.
- argument _cmd
- Shell commands which override the default method for argument.
- argument _precmd
- Shell commands to run just before running argument _cmd or the default method for argument. If this returns a non-zero exit code, the main method is not performed. If the default method is being executed, this check is performed after the required_* checks and process (non-)existence checks.
- argument _postcmd
- Shell commands to run if running argument _cmd or the default method for argument returned a zero exit code.
- sig_stop
- Signal to send the processes to stop in the default stop method. Defaults to SIGTERM.
- sig_reload
- Signal to send the processes to reload in the default reload method. Defaults to SIGHUP.
For a given method argument, if argument_cmd is not defined, then a default method is provided by run_rc_command:
- Argument
- Default method
- start
- If command is not running and checkyesno rcvar succeeds, start command.
- stop
- Determine the PIDs of command with check_pidfile or check_process (as appropriate), kill sig_stop those PIDs, and run wait_for_pids on those PIDs.
- reload
-
Similar to
stop, except that it uses
sig_reload instead, and does not run
wait_for_pids. Another difference from
stop is that
reload is not provided by default. It can be enabled via
extra_commands if appropriate:
extra_commands=reload
- restart
- Runs the stop method, then the start method.
- status
- Show the PID of command, or some other script specific status operation.
- poll
- Wait for command to exit.
- rcvar
-
Display which
rc.conf(5) variable is used (if any). This method always works, even if the appropriate
rc.conf(5) variable is set to “
NO
”.
The following variables are available to the methods (such as argument_cmd) as well as after run_rc_command has completed:
- rc_arg
- Argument provided to run_rc_command, after fast and force processing has been performed.
- rc_flags
- Flags to start the default command with. Defaults to ${name}_flags, unless overridden by the environment variable ‘ flags’. This variable may be changed by the argument _precmd method.
- rc_pid
- PID of command (if appropriate).
- rc_fast
-
Not empty if “
fast
” prefix was used. - rc_force
-
Not empty if “
force
” prefix was used.
- run_rc_script file argument
-
Start the script
file with an argument of
argument, and handle the return value from the script.
Various shell variables are unset before file is started:
name, command, command_args, command_interpreter, extra_commands, pidfile, rcvar, required_dirs, required_files, required_vars, argument _cmd, argument _precmd. argument _postcmd.The startup behaviour of file depends upon the following checks:
- If file ends in .sh, it is sourced into the current shell.
- If file appears to be a backup or scratch file (e.g., with a suffix of ~, #, .OLD, or .orig), ignore it.
- If file is not executable, ignore it.
- If the rc.conf(5) variable rc_fast_and_loose is empty, source file in a sub shell, otherwise source file into the current shell.
- stop_boot [ always]
-
Prevent booting to multiuser mode. If the
autoboot variable is set to ‘
yes
’, or checkyesno always indicates a truth value, then a SIGTERM signal is sent to the parent process, which is assumed to be rc(8). Otherwise, the shell exits with a non-zero status. - wait_for_pids [ pid ...]
- Wait until all of the provided pids do not exist any more, printing the list of outstanding pids every two seconds.
- warn message
-
Display a warning message to
stderr and log it to the system log using
logger(1). The warning message consists of the script name (from
$0), followed by “
: WARNING:
”, and then message.
FILES
- /etc/rc.subr
- The rc.subr file resides in /etc.
HISTORY
The rc.subr script appeared in NetBSD 1.3. The rc.d(8) support functions appeared in NetBSD 1.5. The rc.subr script first appeared in FreeBSD 5.0.September 23, 2012 | FreeBSD |