FSDB(8) | FreeBSD System Manager's Manual | FSDB(8) |
NAME
fsdb — FFS debugging/editing toolSYNOPSIS
fsdb | [ -d][ -f][ -r] fsname |
DESCRIPTION
The fsdb utility opens fsname (usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data. You are prompted to enter a command with fsdb (inum X)> where X is the currently selected i-number. The initial selected inode is the root of the file system (i-number 2). The command processor uses the editline(3) library, so you can use command line editing to reduce typing if desired. When you exit the command loop, the file system superblock is marked dirty and any buffered blocks are written to the file system.The following options are available:
- -d
- Enable additional debugging output (which comes primarily from fsck(8)-derived code).
- -f
- Left for historical reasons and has no meaning.
- -r
- Open the file system read/only, and disables all commands that would write to it.
COMMANDS
Besides the built-in editline(3) commands, fsdb supports these commands:
- help
-
Print out the list of accepted commands.
- inode i-number
-
Select inode
i-number as the new current inode.
- back
-
Revert to the previously current inode.
- clri i-number
-
Clear
i-number.
- lookup name
- cd name
-
Find
name in the current directory and make its inode the current inode.
Name may be a multi-component name or may begin with slash to indicate that the root inode should be used to start the lookup. If some component along the pathname is not found, the last valid directory encountered is left as the active inode. This command is valid only if the starting inode is a directory.
- active
-
Print out the active inode.
- blocks
-
Print out the block list of the active inode. Note that the printout can become long for large files, since all indirect block pointers will also be printed.
- findblk disk_block_number ...
-
Find the inode(s) owning the specified disk block(s) number(s). Note that these are not absolute disk blocks numbers, but offsets from the start of the partition.
- uplink
-
Increment the active inode's link count.
- downlink
-
Decrement the active inode's link count.
- linkcount number
-
Set the active inode's link count to
number.
- ls
-
List the current inode's directory entries. This command is valid only if the current inode is a directory.
- rm name
- del name
-
Remove the entry
name from the current directory inode. This command is valid only if the current inode is a directory.
- ln ino name
-
Create a link to inode
ino under the name
name in the current directory inode. This command is valid only if the current inode is a directory.
- chinum dirslot inum
-
Change the i-number in directory entry
dirslot to
inum.
- chname dirslot name
-
Change the name in directory entry
dirslot to
name. This command cannot expand a directory entry. You can only rename an entry if the name will fit into the existing directory slot.
- chtype type
-
Change the type of the current inode to
type.
Type may be one of:
file,
dir,
socket, or
fifo.
- chmod mode
-
Change the mode bits of the current inode to
mode. You cannot change the file type with this subcommand; use
chtype to do that.
- chflags flags
-
Change the file flags of the current inode to
flags.
- chown uid
-
Change the owner of the current inode to
uid.
- chgrp gid
-
Change the group of the current inode to
gid.
- chgen gen
-
Change the generation number of the current inode to
gen.
- btime time
- mtime time
- ctime time
- atime time
-
Change the creation (birth), modification, change, or access time (respectively) on the current inode to
time.
Time should be in the format
YYYYMMDDHHMMSS[.nsec] where
nsec is an optional nanosecond specification. If no nanoseconds are specified, the
birthnsec,
mtimensec,
ctimensec, or
atimensec field will be set to zero. Note that
btime is available on UFS2 file systems only.
- quit, q, exit, <EOF>
- Exit the program.
HISTORY
The fsdb utility uses the source code for fsck(8) to implement most of the file system manipulation code. The remainder of fsdb first appeared in NetBSD, written by .FreeBSD.
ported it toBUGS
Manipulation of ``short'' symlinks has no effect. In particular, one should not try changing a symlink's type.You must specify modes as numbers rather than symbolic names.
There are a bunch of other things that you might want to do which fsdb does not implement.
WARNING
Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS file system beyond what fsck(8) can repair.August 24, 2006 | FreeBSD |