NAME

environ — user environment

SYNOPSIS

extern char **environ;

DESCRIPTION

An array of strings called the environment is made available by execve(2) when a process begins. By convention these strings have the form “ name=value”. The following names are used by various commands:

BLOCKSIZE

The size of the block units used by several commands, most notably df(1), du(1) and ls(1). This variable is processed by the getbsize(3) function.

COLUMNS

The user's preferred width in column positions for the terminal. Utilities such as ls(1) and who(1) use this to format output into columns. If unset or empty, utilities will use an ioctl(2) call to ask the terminal driver for the width.

EDITOR

Default editor name.

EXINIT

A startup list of commands read by ex(1) and vi(1).

HOME

A user's login directory, set by login(1) from the password file passwd(5).

LANG

This variable configures all programs which use setlocale(3) to use the specified locale unless the LC_* variables are set.

LC_ALL

Overrides the values of LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME and LANG.

LC_COLLATE

Locale to be used for ordering of strings.

LC_CTYPE

Locale to be used for character classification (letter, space, digit, etc.) and for interpreting byte sequences as multibyte characters.

LC_MESSAGES

Locale to be used for diagnostic messages.

LC_MONETARY

Locale to be used for interpreting monetary input and formatting output.

LC_NUMERIC

Locale to be used for interpreting numeric input and formatting output.

LC_TIME

Locale to be used for interpreting dates input and for formatting output.

MAIL

The location of the user's mailbox instead of the default in /var/mail, used by mail(1), sh(1), and many other mail clients.

NLSPATH

List of directories to be searched for the message catalog referred to by LC_MESSAGES. See catopen(3).

PAGER

Default paginator program. The program specified by this variable is used by mail(1), man(1), ftp(1), etc, to display information which is longer than the current display.

PATH

The sequence of directories, separated by colons, searched by csh(1), sh(1), system(3), execvp(3), etc, when looking for an executable file. PATH is set to ``/usr/bin:/bin'' initially by login(1).

PRINTER

The name of the default printer to be used by lpr(1), lpq(1), and lprm(1).

PWD

The current directory pathname.

SHELL

The full pathname of the user's login shell.

TERM

The kind of terminal for which output is to be prepared. This information is used by commands, such as nroff(1) or plot(1) which may exploit special terminal capabilities. See /usr/share/misc/termcap ( termcap(5)) for a list of terminal types.

TERMCAP

The string describing the terminal in TERM, or, if it begins with a '/', the name of the termcap file. See TERMPATH below, and termcap(5).

TERMPATH

A sequence of pathnames of termcap files, separated by colons or spaces, which are searched for terminal descriptions in the order listed. Having no TERMPATH is equivalent to a TERMPATH of “ $HOME/.termcap:/etc/termcap”. TERMPATH is ignored if TERMCAP contains a full pathname.

TMPDIR

The directory in which to store temporary files. Most applications use either “/tmp” or “/var/tmp”. Setting this variable will make them use another directory.

TZ

The timezone to use when displaying dates. The normal format is a pathname relative to “ /usr/share/zoneinfo”. For example, the command “env TZ=America/Los_Angeles date” displays the current time in California. See tzset(3) for more information.

USER

The login name of the user.

Further names may be placed in the environment by the export command and name=value arguments in sh(1), or by the setenv command if you use csh(1). It is unwise to change certain sh(1) variables that are frequently exported by .profile files, such as MAIL, PS1, PS2, and IFS, unless you know what you are doing.

The current environment variables can be printed with env(1), set(1) or printenv(1) in sh(1) and env(1), printenv(1) or the printenv built-in command in csh(1).

SEE ALSO

cd(1), csh(1), env(1), ex(1), login(1), printenv(1), sh(1), execve(2), execle(3), getenv(3), getbsize(3), setenv(3), setlocale(3), system(3), termcap(3), termcap(5)

HISTORY

The environ manual page appeared in 4.2BSD.